We provide you with the detection of chloropropanol (ester) and glycidyl ester in fats and oily foods, to help enterprises timely and effectively understand the quality of the whole process of the product, effectively control possible risks, and help enterprises to ensure product safety.
Definition and hazard
Chloropropanol ester (MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) are formed by esterification of chloropropanol and glycidyl glycerol (Gly) with fatty acids in food, and are widely found in refined fats and fatty foods. Chloropropanol ester can be detected in most heated foods and foods with high fat content, such as coffee, fried chips, biscuits, cooking oil, bread, pastries and so on. Chloropropanol (MCPD) includes 3-chloro-1, 2-propanediol (3-MCPD), 2-chloro-1, 3-propanediol (2-MCPD), 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP), and 2, 3-dichloro-1-propanol (2,3-DCP). 3-chloropropanol ester is the most important type of chloropropanol ester, which can be converted into free 3-chloropropanol and glycidyl glycerol with nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity during digestion and metabolism in human body. 3-chloropropanol and glycidyl glycerin are substances that have been shown to have potential carcinogenic risks.
Detection standard
At present, the standard methods for the detection of chloropropanol, chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester in food in China mainly include the determination of 3-chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester in SN/T 5220-2019 export food by gas chromatogram-mass spectrometry and the National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring Manual.
In addition, the new standard determination method for the determination of chloropropanol, its fatty acid ester and glycidyl ester in the national food safety standard GB 5009.191-2024 was officially implemented on August 8, 2024.
Test Item | Test Method | Inspection Cycle | Acceptable sample matrices |
Chloropropanol, Chloropropanol and its fatty acid esters, Glycidyl esters | GB 5009.191-2024 National Food Safety Standard Determination of Chloropropanols and Their Fatty Acid Esters, and Glycidyl Esters in Foods | 5-7 working days | Oils, oil-containing foods, etc. |
3-Chloropropanol esters and Glycidyl esters | SN/T 5220-2019 Determination of 3-Chloropropanol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Export Food by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry | ||
Chloropropanol esters and glycidyl esters | AOCS Official Method Cd 29b-13 Determination of 2- and 3-MCPD Fatty Acid Esters and Glycidol Fatty Acid Esters in Edible Oils and Fats by Alkaline Transesterification and GC/MS |